Greenland’s recent election could pave the way for either independence from Denmark or stronger links with the United States.
Preliminary results from Greenland’s parliamentary election indicate that two opposition parties are in the lead. One party prioritizes economic growth, while the other seeks immediate independence. The election has garnered international attention, especially given former U.S. President Donald Trump’s previous interest in purchasing the island, an autonomous region within Denmark.
Greenland’s strategic Arctic location and abundant mineral resources have long made it significant. Trump initially suggested buying Greenland in 2019 during his presidency, a proposal quickly dismissed by both Denmark and Greenland. He has since renewed discussions about U.S. influence, asserting the island’s importance to American security and economic interests.
Early results show the centrist Demokraatit party, advocating for economic development and a gradual path to independence, leading with 29.9% of the vote, a significant increase from 9.1% in 2021. The pro-independence Naleraq party, open to closer relations with the U.S., has secured 24.5%, nearly doubling its previous support.
The incumbent Inuit Ataqatigiit party, also pro-independence but favoring a slower approach, has 21.4% of the vote. Their left-wing coalition partner, Siumut, has fallen to 14.7%, a considerable drop from the last election when the two parties together held nearly two-thirds of the legislature.
Greenland, a former Danish colony, gained self-governance in 1979, but Denmark still controls foreign policy, defense, and monetary policy. The territory, spanning 2.2 million square kilometers with a population of approximately 60,000, also hosts a vital U.S. military base at Thule.
The island has the option to declare full independence via a referendum, which hasn’t yet been held due to concerns about economic stability. Denmark currently provides an annual subsidy that makes up about a quarter of Greenland’s economy.
Speaking before Congress, Trump reiterated his support for Greenland’s right to choose its future, implying it could separate from Denmark and join the U.S. The former president stated that Washington needs the island and will acquire it “one way or the other,” despite the prior rejection of his offer to buy it.